On this page you will find a selection of category tables of philosophies that Durkheim and his students deal with. The table on Durkheim is based on the article by Martin Zillinger and Erhard Schüttpelz, “The Bodily Efficacy of the Categories: Durkheim and Mauss’s Intervention into the History of Philosophy” (Durkheimian Studies 23, Berghahn, 2017).

Aristoteles

Substance

greek
ousia

latin
substantia

question
What is something?

example
man, horse


Quantity

greek
poson

latin
quantitas

question
How many/large is something?

example
two cubits long, three cubits long


Quality

greek
poion

latin
qualitas

question
Wie beschaffen ist etwas?

example
white, black, grammatical, hot


Relative

greek
pros ti

latin
relatio

question
Worauf bezieht sich etwas?

example
doppelt, halb, größer


Where, place

greek
pou

latin
ubi

question
Where is something?

example
in a marketplace, in the Lyceum


When, time

greek
pote

latin
quando

question
When is something?

example
yesterday, today, tomorrow


Relative position

greek
keisthai

latin
situs

question
In welcher Position ist etwas?

example
lying, sitting, standing


Having, condition

greek
echein

latin
habitus

question
Was/wer hat etwas?

example
wears shoes, carries tools, armed


Doing, action

greek
poiein

lateinisch
actio

question
What/who does something?

example
to lance, to cauterize


Being affected, affection

greek
paschein

lateinisch
passio

question
Was erleidet etwas?

example
to be lanced, to be cauterized


Kant

Quantity

Unity

Plurality

Totality


Quality

Reality

Negation

Limitation


Relation

inherence and subsistence (substania et accidens)

causality and dependence (cause and effect)

community (reciprocity)


Modality

possibility – impossibility

existence – non-existence

necessity – contingency


Hegel

Being

Quality

Quantity

Maß


Essence

Reflexionsbestimmungen

Erscheinung

reality


Notion

subjectivity (judgment)

objectivity

idea


Renouvier

Relation

Thesis: distinction

Antithesis: identification

Synthesis: determination


Number

Thesis: Unity

Antithesis: Plurality

Synthesis: Totality


Position

Thesis: Point (limit)

Antithesis: Space (Intervall)

Synthesis: Ausdehnung (Intervall)


Succession

Thesis: Instant (limit)

Antithesis: Time (interval)

Synthesis: Duration


Quality

Thesis: Difference

Antithesis: Class (genre)

Synthesis: Species


Becoming

Thesis: Relation

Antithesis: Non-Relation

Synthesis: Change


Causality

Thesis: Act

Antithese: Power

Synthesis: Force


Finality

Thesis: State

Antithesis: Tendency (tendance)

Synthesis: Passion (passion)


Personality

Thesis: Self (soi)

Antithesis: Non-Self (non-soi)

Synthesis: Consciousness (conscience)


Hamelin

Relation

Thesis

Antithesis

Synthesis


Number

Unity

Plurality

Totality


Time

Originalität der Zeit

Begriff der Zeit

Maß der Zeit


Space

Point

Distance

Line (droite)


Movement

Abode (séjour)

Displacement (déplacement)

Conveyance


Quality

Positive

Negative

Particular


Alteration

Persistence

Change of nature

Transformation of Quality


Specification

Class

Difference

Species


Causality

Cause

Effect

Action


Finality

End

Means

System


Personality (personnalité)

Self (moi)

Non-self

Consciousness


Durkheim – Elementary Forms

Being – Terminological Steps

Sacred/Profane

Time and Rhythm

Classification and Genre


Essence

Identity, Difference, Contradiction

Force (mana)

Causality and Effervescence


Concept

Collective Judgment

Totality

Scientific Knowledge